abstract：:Microglial and astroglial cells undergo prompt responses to peripheral motor and sensory axon injury. These responses include proliferation of microglial cells as well as hypertrophy and increased levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein around the axotomized motoneurons and in the central projection territories of p...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Svensson M,Eriksson P,Persson JK,Molander C,Arvidsson J,Aldskogius H

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the effects of neonatal unilateral adrenalectomy on the serotonin- (5-HT) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone-like immunoreactivities (TRH-LI) in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of the rat spinal cord where the sympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating the adrenal medulla are located....

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Poulat P,Marlier L,Rajaofetra N,Privat A

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of gender and stage of the estrous cycle on the levels of acetylcholine, serotonin, and noradrenaline in the hippocampus and on the susceptibility of the cholinergic septo-hippocampal pathway to the neurotoxic effect of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) was investigated in the rat. Levels of acetylcholine...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Hörtnagl H,Hansen L,Kindel G,Schneider B,el Tamer A,Hanin I

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on the neuropeptides and mast cells of the rat dura mater has not been reported. We examined the outcome of SAH on the rat supratentorial dura mater to determine whether dural nerves undergo effects similar to those of nerves accompanying cerebral blood vessels after SAH. Fo...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Keller JT,Mullen BG,Zuccarello M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurochemical and morphological effects of neonatal anoxia on monoamine systems were studied after 100% N2 exposure for 25 min at 30 h postnatally (postnatal day 2-P2). At 20 min after anoxia, reductions of tissue levels of cerebellar noradrenaline (NA) and striatal dopamine (DA) and metabolites were seen, while 5-hyd...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Dell'Anna ME,Luthman J,Lindqvist E,Olson L

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal human subjects made rapid extensions of the elbow from an initial position to visual targets at different angular distances (9 degrees-54 degrees). We recorded joint angle, acceleration, and surface electromyograms (EMGs) with a monopolar electrode from the triceps and the biceps brachii muscles. Both the agoni...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Yamazaki Y,Suzuki M,Mano T

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results using radial mazes suggest rats may have a greater short-term memory (STM) capacity than the human "magical number seven." We examined spatial STM in humans using a radial maze analog drawn on paper. Subjects were instructed to lift, in "random" order, each of 17 cardboard flaps arranged radially around a cent...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： O'Connor RC,Glassman RB

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenatal cocaine exposure has been shown to cause neurobehavioral abnormalities. To determine whether effects on basic patterns of cell development underlie these functional deficits, we examined the aftermath of acute and chronic cocaine exposure on ontogenetic patterns of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key regulat...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Seidler FJ,Slotkin TA

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments examined the effects of the alpha-2 antagonist L657,743 on monkey electroencephalographic (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) activity following auditory and visual stimuli. In the first experiment, EEG was recorded before and after the administration of a saline placebo or L657,743 (0.01, 0.05 mg/...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Pineda JA,Westerfield M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arachidonic acid [20:4(N-6)] has been implicated in neurological damage induced by cerebral ischaemia. Membrane arachidonate concentrations can be reduced by changes in dietary fat intake. Therefore, in the present study, we have investigated the effects of N-3 fatty acid supplementation on neuronal damage induced by ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Relton JK,Strijbos PJ,Cooper AL,Rothwell NJ

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A microdrive and microelectrode costing about $2.67 is described. The assembly is lightweight, compact, and versatile and is ideal for chronic single-unit recording from behaving rats. It is easy to assemble and operate and has been used successfully by undergraduates in the teaching and research laboratory. ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Goldberg E,Minerbo G,Smock T

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluoro-Ruby (tetramethylrhodamine-dextran amine conjugate) has been shown recently to be an effective anterograde tracer readily visible in brain sections with fluorescence microscopy. We show in this study that further microscopic analysis of Fluoro-Ruby-labeled elements is feasible with a conventional immunoperoxida...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Chang HT

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of two diketopiperazines, Cyclo (His-Pro) (CHP) and Cyclo (Asp-Phe) (CAP), on striatal extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were examined using in vivo microdialysis in anaesthetized rats. Treatment with ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kaakkola S,Wurtman RJ

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subparafascicular thalamic nucleus (Spf) contains a substantial number of dopaminergic neurons. The present study was designed to investigate in the rat whether or not Spf neurons projecting to a variety of central nervous system structures are dopaminergic. The following eight structures were tested for projectio...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Takada M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal NMDA receptors contribute to control of the cardiovascular system by the ventrolateral medulla. However, little is known about the contribution of these receptors to suprabulbar regulation of hemodynamics and sympathetic outflow. Hence, the involvement of spinal NMDA receptors in regulation of the cardiovascula...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Porter JP

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews and provides new data on the relationship of the peptide content in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to a) the neurofilament content of the soma and b) the conduction velocities of the fibres. The latter involved intracellular recordings made in vitro followed by dye injection and immunocytoch...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Lawson SN,Perry MJ,Prabhakar E,McCarthy PW

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of systemic injections of amphetamine sulfate on the extracellular levels of glycine, GABA, and taurine in the neostriatum of awake rats were studied using a push-pull perfusion system. Amphetamine produced a dose-related increase in glycine levels. Amphetamine also produced an enhancement on GABA and taur...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Porras A,Mora F

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proneuropeptide Y (proNPY) is posttranslationally processed to NPY(1-36)amide and the C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY (CPON). Antisera directed against the N-terminal part of NPY, CPON, or CysNPY(32-36)amide were used to identify peptide fragments processed from proNPY in biopsies of human frontal cortical specimen...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mikkelsen JD,Larsen PJ,Kruse-Larsen C,O'Hare MM,Schwartz TW

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sources of noradrenergic (NA) innervation to the hypoglossal nucleus (nXII) in the rat were investigated with double-labeling histochemical/immunocytochemical and lesion/degeneration techniques. Following injection of wheat germ-agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase into nXII, brain stem sections were re...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Aldes LD,Chapman ME,Chronister RB,Haycock JW

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of epinephrine (EPI) on the activity of 150 periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons was examined using extracellular recordings in an in vitro slice preparation. Drop application of EPI inhibited 45%, excited 35%, and had no effect on 20% of PAG neurons. Both the excitatory and inhibitory effects of EPI were of l...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Jiang M,Chandler SD,Ennis M,Shipley MT,Behbehani MM

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the direct actions of neurotropin (NSP, a nonproteinaceous extract from inflamed skin of rabbits which is in therapeutic use), intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in slices of guinea pig brain. In the VMH, NSP...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Shimizu N,Duan S,Hori T,Oomura Y

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether elevated levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), the major metabolite of dopamine (DA) in the brain, could decrease the DA content in the striatum. Levels of DA were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) i...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Shiekhattar R,Ghasemzadeh MB,Adams RN

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injection of colchicine into the lateral ventricles (ICV) of rats results in a selective loss of neurons immunoreactive for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the medial septum (MS) and a concomitant loss of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) positive fibers in the hippocampus. To determine if this loss of cholinergic cells...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Ginn SR,Peterson GM

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iontophoretic application of the sigma ligands, 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG), dextrallorphan, and (+)-pentazocine reliably inhibited the firing rate of rubral neurons. Dextrallorphan inhibited 87% of the neurons tested, DTG inhibited 76%, and (+)-pentazocine inhibited 50%. These inhibitions were current dependent and...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Matsumoto RR,Walker JM

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An enhanced production of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) now appears to underlie a number of hyperphagia syndromes. However, the role of NPY in the hyperphagia induced by hypothalamic lesions has not yet been explored. Here, hypothalamic lesions were induced in mice by administration of goldthioglucose (GTG) and br...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Young JK

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computer program designed to be user friendly is described in this report. Two types of calculations are provided: a) determination of free calcium concentration based on known total salt concentration and b) those which calculate total salt concentration required to insure a desired free calcium concentration in th...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Taylor RB,Trimble C,Valdes JJ,Wayner MJ,Chambers JP

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies were conducted to determine if norepinephrine activates both protein kinase C and the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in cultured rat astrocytes using phosphoproteins as markers. Norepinephrine was found to decrease 32P incorporation into an acidic 80,000 M(R) protein. A similar response was observed with ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mobley PL,Combs DL

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that cholinergic grafts derived from the medial septal nucleus are capable of restoring behavioral function in rats with lesions that sever the cholinergic inputs to the hippocampal formation. In this study, we demonstrate that intrahippocampal grafts of cholinergic-rich striatal tissue als...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Li YJ,Simon JR,Low WC

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro and in vivo effects of alphaxalone, a steroid anesthetic, and two physiological steroids, tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) and pregnenolone sulfate (PS), on GABAA receptor function were evaluated in long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice. In vitro, both alphaxalone and THDOC enhanced GABAergic inh...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Bowers BJ,Wehner JM

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We recently reported that human recombinant interleukin-6 (hrIL-6) microinjected into the preoptic area (POA) of guinea pigs induced fever at high doses, suggesting that IL-6 may be another endogenous pyrogen. This study was undertaken to determine whether hrIL-6 affects the single-unit activity of thermosensitive and...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Xin L,Blatteis CM

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies using a pharmacological approach suggested a neural pathway emanating from the periaqueductal gray (PAG) to the nucleus accumbens relevant to antinociception. This was investigated with neurochemical and histochemical methods in the present study. Push-pull perfusion and radioimmunoassay were used to ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Ma QP,Han JS

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the serotonergic transmission on the negative feedback of corticosterone on the pituitary-adrenal (PA) axis was studied in adult male rats. Animals were given p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) and 24 h later were administered corticosterone, 2 h before being subjected to 20 min of noise stress. The main results...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Armario A,Martí O,Gavaldà A

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that systemic treatment with a noncompetitive antagonist affecting the NMDA subtype of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor, MK-801, inhibits photic induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-lir) in the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Because MK-801 blocks the Ca2+ channel associated wi...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Abe H,Rusak B,Robertson HA

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been shown that during physiological stimuli, such as dehydration, supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurons undergo profound morphological changes. However, little is known about how much each type of cell, oxytocin (OT) or vasopressin (VP), contributes to this plasticity during dehydration. Using postembedding immunog...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Marzban F,Tweedle CD,Hatton GI

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular recordings were made from 467 anti-dromically identified neurosecretory neurons and 148 non-neurosecretory neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of hemispherectomized cats under pentobarbital anesthesia. Stimulation of the dorsal, median, and pontine raphe nuclei excited 31%, 26%, an...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kawano S,Osaka T,Kannan H,Yamashita H

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's-diseased (PD) brains have been reported to contain increased quantities of iron within the zona compacta of the substantia nigra (SN). To test whether excess iron in the SN could cause a PD-like loss of dopaminergic neurons, various concentrations of iron were infused unilaterally within the SN of adult ma...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Sengstock GJ,Olanow CW,Dunn AJ,Arendash GW

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the intact animal, some substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons exhibit regular, and some exhibit burst firing patterns. In the in vitro slice preparation, however, all dopaminergic neurons exhibit a nonburst firing pattern. Burst firing patterns are thought to be regulated, in part, by a small conductance calcium-ac...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Gu X,Blatz AL,German DC

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anterograde spread of herpesvirus in the visual system subsequent to retinitis has been observed clinically. We compared the ability of two well-studied Herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains to be transported in the anterograde direction in the hamster visual system: strain McIntyre, representing HSV-1, and strain 18...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Norgren RB Jr,McLean JH,Bubel HC,Wander A,Bernstein DI,Lehman MN

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A biotinylated oligonucleotide probe was used to demonstrate the presence in the heart of the portion of the proopiomelanocortin messenger RNA which contains the sequence for beta-endorphin. The probe indicated the presence of beta-endorphin messenger RNA in cardiac tissue and specifically in the cardiac muscle cell. ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Forman LJ,Bagasra O

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The morphology of somatostatin immunoreactive (SOM-I) neurons in lamina (L) II of the rat spinal cord was determined using a combination of Golgi impregnation and immunohistochemistry. Golgi-impregnated SOM-I neurons that resembled islet, stalked and other cells were observed. Islet cells are considered to be inhibito...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mather CS,Ho RH

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00